These substances can kill most bacteria, some fungi and some viruses over a certain period of time less than ten minutes. In the health care debate, the chemical composition of ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol, which is soluble in water, is said alcohol which has germicidal properties. Alcohols have rapid bactericidal properties, in addition to fungicidal and virucidal ones, but don't kill bacteria spores.
We suggest you read this article as well: the problems hospital detergents cause for nurses. Methyl alcohol methanol has the weakest antibacterial effect among alcohols and is therefore rarely used in health centers and hospitals. Ethyl alcohol is a strong virucidal in concentrations of 60 to 80 percent, which disables all lipophilic fat-loving viruses such as influenza virus and many hydrophilic viruses such as adenovirus, enterovirus, rhinovirus and rotavirus but does not affect hepatitis A virus or polio virus.
Isopropyl alcohol is not active against non-lipid-enveloped viruses but is fully active against lipid-enveloped viruses.
Studies have also shown the ability of ethyl alcohol and isopropyl to disable hepatitis B virus Source: CDC. Alcohols are effectively used to disinfect oral and anal thermometers, but are not recommended for sterilizing medical and surgical materials because they cannot penetrate protein-rich substances. Many fatal infections occur after surgery when alcohols have been used to sterilize surgical instruments contaminated with bacterial spores.
Phenolic disinfectants destroy cell membranes of microorganisms. They have bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal effects, but are ineffective against bacteria such as Clostridium difficile. Due to the effectiveness rate of phenols, they are used to disinfect equipment and treatment rooms with low sensitivity.
Quaternery ammonium compounds QAC are used for various clinical purposes such as preoperative and insensitive device disinfection as well as cleaning surfaces and removing odor from them. This disinfectant has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties.
Chemical disinfectants used in hospitals are classified in three categories: high level, medium level and low level. Types with high level effects destroy many microbes. For this reason, they are commonly used in sensitive medical cases.
Although types with low level effectiveness are widely used, they are only effective for cases which have low sensitivity from the medical perspective. Which disinfectant is the best depends on a variety of factors; from the type of environmental pollution and its sensitivity to the extent of its impact on medical staff. Knowing them and being familiarized with their performance can be a great help in choosing the best. Types of chemical disinfectants used in hospitals.
Types of disinfectant solutions for hospital surfaces Chemical disinfectants used in hospitals for sterilizing surfaces are divided into three general categories based on their effectiveness.
High-level disinfectants High level disinfectants are the most used among disinfectants because they will have the highest effectiveness. Glutaraldehyde Glutaraldehyde is a saturated dialdehyde and a high-impact chemical disinfectant used to clean surfaces. It is corrosive to metal in high concentrations and can discolor fabric. Hypochlorites effectively kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Hospitals can use these products for bathrooms, food prep zones, and blood spills. All areas must be pre-cleaned to remove organic matter before disinfection.
When using concentrated products, follow strict dilution protocols. Phenolics have been around for a long time. The antimicrobial properties of phenol derivatives have improved over time. Phenolics are present in hospitals today.
These products are best for disinfection of non-porous surfaces and non-critical devices. Use phenolics with care and follow manufacturers recommendations carefully because improper preparations can be dangerous to newborns. Remember, product residue can irritate skin. Peracetic acid preparations are rapid-acting disinfectants. They are bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal, mycobactericidal, and sporicidal.
However, Peracetic acid can become unstable when diluted. It can corrode some metals such as copper and brass. Hospitals used Peracetic acid in automated machines to sterilize medical instruments and to disinfect hemodialyzers. Disinfectants are not interchangeable, and incorrect concentrations and inappropriate disinfectants can result in excessive costs.
Because occupational diseases among cleaning personnel have been associated with use of several disinfectants e.
Asthma and reactive airway disease can occur in sensitized persons exposed to any airborne chemical, including germicides. The preferred method of control is elimination of the chemical through engineering controls or substitution or relocation of the worker. The following overview of the performance characteristics of each provides users with sufficient information to select an appropriate disinfectant for any item and use it in the most efficient way. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.
This issue would lead to possible to better utilize them based on their applications and have more options for the antiseptic solutions concerning different time and place conditions. Also, it should be noted that you should pay attention carefully to the labels on their packaging and then investigate them before the use of the antiseptic solutions in the hospital from two aspects:.
Different Types of Disinfectant Solutions in the Hospital. Types of disinfectants in the hospital Disinfectants are the materials utilized on inanimate surfaces to kill pathogens. Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite in the hospital environment: it follows a significant effect to decrease infection as well as to prevent them, leading to inhibition of the growth of microorganisms Hydrogen peroxide: It decreases the contamination resulted from the multidrug-resistant pathogens on soft surfaces such as the bedside curtains Electrolyzed water: It can significantly decrease aerobic bacteria and C.
Atmospheric pressure plasma: They contain antibacterial activity against several pathogens. Nano-silver disinfectant: A new non-alcoholic product containing the antifungal properties Decospet: One of the most famous hand sanitizers Septic scrub: The scrub is utilized before the surgeon and the operating room staff's operation. Surface antiseptic solution The antiseptic solution contains those substances that affect living tissue and then cleanses it from microbes, infections, destructive and harmful agents.
Of course, it can also be said that these materials can be divided into two categories, as follows: Antimicrobials: Substances for killing microbes Bacterial inhibitors: Substances for inhibiting the microbe activities Of course, it can be said that during the spread of infectious diseases such as influenza, especially the newest ones that are the coronavirus, the use of soap and water alone does not cope with the dangerous and mysterious coronavirus.
Hospital hand antiseptic solution The main application of antiseptic substances is on living tissues. Non-alcoholic antiseptic solution Because of the high use of alcohol in hospitals and health uses, most people consider alcohol a substantial and integral substance in producing antiseptic solutions.
The emergence of silver nanoparticles As you know, nanoscience in the industry brought a new era in industrial production and its products. Advantages of nano-Silver antiseptic There are several significant advantages of non-alcoholic solutions such as odorless, non-allergenic, non-flammable, and so on. At the end Familiarity with the several types of antiseptic solutions in the hospital will help to make better selections. Also, it should be noted that you should pay attention carefully to the labels on their packaging and then investigate them before the use of the antiseptic solutions in the hospital from two aspects: You should observe how to employ and pay attention to the points when using the disinfectant solutions.
You should check the substances used in it regarding world standards and then start using the a solution. Leave a comment. Similar Posts. Silver nanoparticles are a powerful weapon against germs. Read More. Types of chemical disinfectants used in hospitals.
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